Base de Conhecimento

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====== Instalação KVM - Oracle Linux 9 ======
<code bash>
$ sudo dnf install qemu-kvm qemu-img libvirt virt-install
</code>

<code bash>
$ sudo systemctl enable --now libvirtd
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/libvirtd.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/libvirtd.service.
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/sockets.target.wants/libvirtd.socket → /usr/lib/systemd/system/libvirtd.socket.
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/sockets.target.wants/libvirtd-ro.socket → /usr/lib/systemd/system/libvirtd-ro.socket.
</code>

<code bash>
$ systemctl status libvirtd
● libvirtd.service - Virtualization daemon
     Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/libvirtd.service; enabled; preset: disabled)
     Active: active (running) since Tue 2023-08-22 16:27:11 -03; 28s ago
TriggeredBy: ● libvirtd.socket
             ● libvirtd-ro.socket
             ○ libvirtd-tls.socket
             ○ libvirtd-tcp.socket
             ● libvirtd-admin.socket
       Docs: man:libvirtd(8)
             https://libvirt.org
   Main PID: 19519 (libvirtd)
      Tasks: 21 (limit: 32768)
     Memory: 17.0M
        CPU: 648ms
     CGroup: /system.slice/libvirtd.service
             ├─19519 /usr/sbin/libvirtd --timeout 120
             ├─19623 /usr/sbin/dnsmasq --conf-file=/var/lib/libvirt/dnsmasq/default.conf --leasefile-ro --dhcp-script=/usr/libexec/libvirt_leaseshelper
             └─19624 /usr/sbin/dnsmasq --conf-file=/var/lib/libvirt/dnsmasq/default.conf --leasefile-ro --dhcp-script=/usr/libexec/libvirt_leaseshelper

Aug 22 16:27:11 ol9-kvm-01 dnsmasq[19623]: compile time options: IPv6 GNU-getopt DBus no-UBus no-i18n IDN2 DHCP DHCPv6 no-Lua TFTP no-conntrack ipset auth >
Aug 22 16:27:11 ol9-kvm-01 dnsmasq-dhcp[19623]: DHCP, IP range 192.168.122.2 -- 192.168.122.254, lease time 1h
Aug 22 16:27:11 ol9-kvm-01 dnsmasq-dhcp[19623]: DHCP, sockets bound exclusively to interface virbr0
Aug 22 16:27:11 ol9-kvm-01 dnsmasq[19623]: reading /etc/resolv.conf
Aug 22 16:27:11 ol9-kvm-01 dnsmasq[19623]: using nameserver 131.255.224.10#53
Aug 22 16:27:11 ol9-kvm-01 dnsmasq[19623]: using nameserver 143.255.204.10#53
Aug 22 16:27:11 ol9-kvm-01 dnsmasq[19623]: using nameserver fe80::4a22:54ff:fe5d:1ef8%enp5s0f0#53
Aug 22 16:27:11 ol9-kvm-01 dnsmasq[19623]: read /etc/hosts - 2 addresses
Aug 22 16:27:11 ol9-kvm-01 dnsmasq[19623]: read /var/lib/libvirt/dnsmasq/default.addnhosts - 0 addresses
Aug 22 16:27:11 ol9-kvm-01 dnsmasq-dhcp[19623]: read /var/lib/libvirt/dnsmasq/default.hostsfile
</code>

<code bash>
$ sudo usermod -aG libvirt $USER
$ sudo usermod -aG kvm $USER
</code>

<code bash>
$ sudo mkdir /datastore/images
$ sudo mkdir /datastore/isos
</code>

<code bash>
$ sudo virsh pool-define-as --name default --type dir --target /datastore/images
Pool default defined
</code>

<code bash>
$ sudo virsh pool-define-as --name isos --type dir --target /datastore/isos
Pool isos defined
</code>

<code bash>
$ sudo virsh pool-autostart default
Pool default marked as autostarted
</code>

<code bash>
$ sudo virsh pool-autostart isos
Pool isos marked as autostarted
</code>

<code bash>
$ sudo virsh pool-start default
Pool default started
</code>

<code bash>
$ sudo virsh pool-start isos
Pool isos started
</code>

<code bash>
$ sudo virsh pool-list
 Name      State    Autostart
-------------------------------
 default   active   yes
 isos      active   yes
</code>

<code bash>
$ sudo getfacl -e /datastore/images/
getfacl: Removing leading '/' from absolute path names
# file: datastore/images/
# owner: root
# group: root
user::rwx
group::r-x
other::r-x
</code>

<code bash>
$ sudo getfacl -e /datastore/isos/
getfacl: Removing leading '/' from absolute path names
# file: datastore/isos/
# owner: root
# group: root
user::rwx
group::r-x
other::r-x
</code>

<code bash>
$ sudo setfacl -m u:qemu:rx /datastore/images/
$ sudo setfacl -m u:qemu:rx /datastore/isos/
</code>

<code bash>
$ sudo getfacl -e /datastore/images/
getfacl: Removing leading '/' from absolute path names
# file: datastore/images/
# owner: root
# group: root
user::rwx
user:qemu:r-x                   #effective:r-x
group::r-x                      #effective:r-x
mask::r-x
other::r-x
</code>

<code bash>
$ sudo getfacl -e /datastore/isos/
getfacl: Removing leading '/' from absolute path names
# file: datastore/isos/
# owner: root
# group: root
user::rwx
user:qemu:r-x                   #effective:r-x
group::r-x                      #effective:r-x
mask::r-x
other::r-x
</code>

<code bash>
$ sudo systemctl restart libvirtd
</code>

===== Criando máquina virtual por linha de comando =====
<code bash>
$ sudo wget http://cdimage.debian.org/mirror/cdimage/archive/11.7.0/amd64/iso-cd/debian-11.7.0-amd64-netinst.iso -P /datastore/isos/
</code>

<code bash>
$ osinfo-query os | grep debian
 debian1.1            | Debian GNU/Linux 1.1                               | 1.1      | http://debian.org/debian/1.1
 debian1.2            | Debian GNU/Linux 1.2                               | 1.2      | http://debian.org/debian/1.2
 debian1.3            | Debian GNU/Linux 1.3                               | 1.3      | http://debian.org/debian/1.3
 debian10             | Debian 10                                          | 10       | http://debian.org/debian/10
 debian11             | Debian 11                                          | 11       | http://debian.org/debian/11
 debian2.0            | Debian GNU/Linux 2.0                               | 2.0      | http://debian.org/debian/2.0
 debian2.1            | Debian GNU/Linux 2.1                               | 2.1      | http://debian.org/debian/2.1
 debian2.2            | Debian GNU/Linux 2.2                               | 2.2      | http://debian.org/debian/2.2
 debian3              | Debian GNU/Linux 3.0                               | 3.0      | http://debian.org/debian/3
 debian3.1            | Debian GNU/Linux 3.1                               | 3.1      | http://debian.org/debian/3.1
 debian4              | Debian GNU/Linux 4.0                               | 4.0      | http://debian.org/debian/4
 debian5              | Debian GNU/Linux 5.0                               | 5.0      | http://debian.org/debian/5
 debian6              | Debian 6.0                                         | 6.0      | http://debian.org/debian/6
 debian7              | Debian 7                                           | 7        | http://debian.org/debian/7
 debian8              | Debian 8                                           | 8        | http://debian.org/debian/8
 debian9              | Debian 9                                           | 9        | http://debian.org/debian/9
 debiantesting        | Debian testing                                     | testing  | http://debian.org/debian/testing
</code>

<code bash>
$ sudo virt-install --virt-type kvm \
--name debian11 \
--description "Debian bullseye" \
--cdrom /datastore/isos/debian-11.7.0-amd64-netinst.iso \
--os-variant debian11 \
--disk size=16,format=qcow2,bus=virtio,cache=none \
--memory 1024 \
--vcpus 2 \
--cpu host-passthrough \
--network=default,model=virtio \
--graphics vnc,listen=0.0.0.0 \
--noautoconsole
</code>

===== Acessando remotamente =====
<code bash>
$ ssh-keygen -t ed25519
Generating public/private ed25519 key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/home/gean/.ssh/id_ed25519):
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):
Enter same passphrase again:
Your identification has been saved in /home/gean/.ssh/id_ed25519
Your public key has been saved in /home/gean/.ssh/id_ed25519.pub
The key fingerprint is:
SHA256:LRfyaMBCc+nFBbvUZw/4BIFxA+LeboyAByDqEl0zCXw gean@inspiron-15-5510
The key's randomart image is:
+--[ED25519 256]--+
|o...*.oo+**.     |
|oo.oEB..++ +     |
|o o...+.+ + =    |
|.. o o.+ * * o   |
|... o . S + . .  |
|.  . . = o       |
|      . +        |
|       .         |
|                 |
+----[SHA256]-----+
</code>

<code bash>
$ ssh-copy-id 192.168.0.240
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: Source of key(s) to be installed: "/home/gean/.ssh/id_ed25519.pub"
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: attempting to log in with the new key(s), to filter out any that are already installed
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: 1 key(s) remain to be installed -- if you are prompted now it is to install the new keys
gean@192.168.0.240's password:

Number of key(s) added: 1

Now try logging into the machine, with:   "ssh '192.168.0.240'"
and check to make sure that only the key(s) you wanted were added.
</code>

<code bash>
$ sudo apt install virt-manager
</code>

<code bash>
$ virt-manager --connect qemu+ssh://gean@192.168.0.240/system
</code>

{{:virt-manager.png|}}

===== Referências =====
  - [[https://access.redhat.com/documentation/pt-br/red_hat_enterprise_linux/7/html/virtualization_deployment_and_administration_guide/sect-guest_virtual_machine_installation_overview-creating_guests_with_virt_installhttp://example.com|3.2. Creating Guests with virt-install]]  
  - [[https://wiki.debian.org/KVM|KVM]]